Turnstile



June 1 8, 1935. D: R. BACON ET AL TURNSTILE Filed Aug. 6, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Mum/a 0m Lieu. A: 081,10;

INVENTORS BY m J5 ATTORN EY June 1935. D. R, BACON ET AL 2,004,971

TURNSTILE Filed Aug. 6, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 TWA INVENTOR-S ATTORNEY June 18, 1935. D, R, BA N ETAL 2,004,971

TURNSTILE Filed Aug. 6, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 :5 Rx a x 26 wflrrmgm L m b'gwvws AT (sRNEY June ,18, 1935. D. R, BACON ET AL V I 2,004,971

TURNSTILE Filed Aug. 6," 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet- 5 I y l I t1," v A I? C I //////////I////////////////I/II/ll/l/I/l/l/ Ill/ll ////////I/// Patented June 1 s,-193 5 f v 2,004,9'll

2,004,971 1 j i TURNSTI LE Daniel R. Bacon and Leon H. "Downa-Goshen,

. N. Y., assignors to Percy-Manufacturing Company, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of; NewYork- K Application August 6, 1930, Serial No. 413,382

11 Claims. ((31. 39-3) i M Our invention relates generallylto turnstiles turnstile has about completed each quarter-turn. and more particularly to means for rendering In thus checking the speed of rotation of the the turnstile mechanism noiseless, without re turnstile at this'point, violent contact and the ducing its efiectivene'ss in operation. resulting clash of metal is avoided, as the stop- 5 Owing to the rough treatment turnstiles are pawl comes intop'lay. While the stoppawl is i 5 ordinarily subjected to, it has been the general designed to permit limited play, it acts as a posipractice to construct the mechanism of extra tivecheck on extended rotary movement of the heavy durable parts, particularly the locking stile, until the. pawl is again released by the inpawls, stop pawls, ratchets, etc., employed, which sertion or another coin, or manually by an atare actuated by strong springs and in consetendant or otherwise, depending upon the type 10 quence, are objectionably noisy in operation. of turnstile employed. Immediately following The familiar loud, sharp clashes, as these heavy the full application of the brake, and as the stop metal parts come violently into contact, are pawl comes into action, the'brake is suddenly especially disturbing in busy railroad and subreleased, leaving the stile under the control of way stations, ferry houses'and like, locations, the stop-pawl only, ready for the next opera- 15 where turnstiles are employed in gangs of ten tion. Constructed as described, the turnstile is or more, and, in the rush hours,are practically completely silenced, operating without audible in continuous operation. sound. I

The demand of the travelling public for the In the accompanying drawings, we have illuselimination of this nerve-racking. nuisance has trated a preferred construction and; several become so insistent that transportation commodifications embodying our invention, but do panies are now seriously considering the probnot wish-to be understoodas intending to limit lem of producing a noiseless ,turnstile andthe ourselves tothe same, as various changes may present invention, as herein embodied, is debe made therein without departing from the signed to present a practical solution of the spirit and. scope of the invention, asset forth 25 problem. i w in the appendedclaims. i 1

In carrying the invention into effect, the heavy In the drawings: a spring-actuated locking andstop pawls, ratchets, Fig. 1 isa view in elevation of a-well-known etc.,of the present day turnstile, are dispensed type of turnstile, selected for the purposes of with and the only positive check, employed as illustration. only, to which our invention is 30 a matter of preference, for limiting rotation of shown applied; I the turnstile, is a light stop pawl, which is prac- Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof, with parts tically noiseless in operation and, in certain of the casing broken away. to show the enclosed types of turnstiles, forms part of and/or is op coin-operated mechanism;

erated by the coin mechanism by which the Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view turnstile is controlled; in other types, it may be taken on the'line of themain shaft of the turnmanually operated but, if -preferred,it may be stile; i I dispensed with and some other device substi- Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view, taken tuted. onthe line s s, of Fig. 3; r i

40 As a check on the speed of rotation of the Fig. 5 is a similar View taken on the line s s 40 turnstile and to slow down its motion as it of Fig. 3; approaches the end ofeach operation, 'we em- Fig. 6 is a detail sectional viewon the line ploy a brake, preferably, though not necessarily, s s of Fig. 4. e of the hydraulic type, which is connected to be Fig. 7 is a plan View, illustrating a modificaoperated automatically by the turnstile. This tion ofthe construction shown in Fig. 5; v 45 brake may be of any form or construction de- Fig. 8 is a similar view of a further modificasired, but, as herein embodied, consists of a lidtion;. f uid circulating system, a pump'operated by the Fig. 9 is aside elevation thereof, and p I turnstile for imparting movement to the liquid Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view of the inlet and an automatic valve, or other means, operatand outlet connections employed in Figs. 8 50 ing to interrupt the flow of the liquid and thereand 9. by create back pressure onthe pump foralimited Referring now to the drawings, 1 represents period during each operation of the turnstile. the supporting standard or pedestal of the turn- In its preferred operation, the brake is gradually stile, 2 is the turnstile shaft, carrying fast thereapplied and does not exert its full force until the on four equispaced arms 3, and 4, in a suitable 55 stile arms properly positioned.

enclosing casing, cut away to permit rotation of the arms.

Within the casing of the turnstile hereshown, a coin-operated mechanism is arranged to control the release of a spring retracted looking or stop pawl 5. This pawl, suitably mounted, is designed to successively engage four equi-spaced lugs 6, of a disk 1, fast on the turnstile shaft '2, and while permitting free rotation of the turnstile for exit, acts to limit rotation, in the direction to admit passengers or patrons, to substantially a quarter revolution for each coinin valve 28. An outlet connection from the pump,

serted.

While the coin mechanism employed-may be,

of any form desired, that shownycomprises two levers 8 and 9, pivoted, respectivelyaatnlfl and H, and shaped and positioned to provide a coin pocket I2, between their. adjacent ends. The

lever 8 is apertured at l3,'"ir1"line with'th'e coin pocket and the lever 9 carries a spring pin. or coin finder I4, centered relatively to the aperture. -When'the lever is'given movement about its pivot by means'ihereinafter described, it will impart likemovement to, the lever 8, provided there is a coinin the'coin pocket I2,

' otherwise the pin 14 will pass idly into and out ofthe aperture I3, withoutactuating thelever 8.

Assuming a coin present,.the shaped end l5 of the lever 8, engaging apin or stud l6, of the pawl 5, will trip the pawl, swinging it clear of the lug B, and releasing-the' turnstile for operation. In this type of" coin-mechanism, which is entirely'mechanical, as-distinguished from other types in which the inserted coin is utilized to directly or indirectly close an electric power circuit, it is necessary thatthe'turnstile be free for limited forward rotation by the incoming passengenin order to impart the required initial movement to actuate the coin finder carried by the lever 9; This is provided for by normally s'pacingthe engaging end'of the locking pawl 5,:and the lug 6, in separated relation, as indicated at' l1, so that-the turnstile arm extending across the" entrance pas-, sagejmay be advanced four'jonfive inches before the locking pawl becomes effective; This free rotation of the turnstile serve's',-through the action of four equi-s'paced rollers l8, 'on the disk "1, to successively engage androckthe lever 9, sufliciently'to actuate the coinflnder, asa preliminary step in 'eachoperation" of---the turnstile. Two of these rollers J8 normally;engage the end of the lever-9'; at separated points and through the action-of a heavy spring t9, the lever 9 is caused to yieldingly maintain t-heturn- To reduce'and checkthe' speedof rotation of the turnstile, particularly near the end of each'quar'ter revolution, we employ a suitable brake, preferably of the'hydraulic type shown in Figs. 3,4'and 5-.

As herein embodied, the brake comprises a reservoir or tank 20,;for oil or any other suitable liquid, which is entered thr ough'a connection 20 The reservoir or tank is preferably 7 located 'just' below theturnstile arms and encloses-thelower-end portion of the turnstile shaft, the main bearing 2|, of which is within the oil reservoir;

Alsowithin the reservoir and locatedimmediately below the main bearing ofthe turnstile shaft, thereis a rotary pump.. This pump consists of a circular; stationary casing or'cylinder 22, and a rotarypiston 23, mounted faston the end of the turnstileshaft, in'concentric relation sliding contact relation with the wall of the cylindrical pump casing.

An inlet connection from the reservoir or tank to the pump cylinder is provided at 21,

and within the connection there is a check cylinder to the reservoir is indicated at 29, and controlling thisoutlet, there is a four-way rotaryvalve 30, the stem 3| of which is connected through gears 32, 33 and 34 to be rotated from andv at the same speed as the turnstile shaft. The gear 32 is loose on the valve stem 3|, the gear 33 is an intermediate idler and the. gear 34, is'fast on the turnstile shaft.

Normally on when the turnstile-is not in operation, the outlet valve is fullopen, as shown in Fig. 5. After the turnstile is started into operation,.and'completes the first half of its move ment, further rotation of its shaft, through the above gearing and other mechanismto be described, will give motion to the stern of the outlet valve, gradually restricting the outlet: as the turnstile nears the full quarter revolution, when the valve comesxto-a full closing, thereby creating back pressure on the pump and checking the speed of rotation of the stile. At thispoint in the" operation, itis necessary to effect a full,

quick openingof the outlet valvefand this is Formed in the cam at diametrically opposite points, there, are twojarc-shaped slots 39, in which pinsor studs 40 from'the gear 35, project. Normally or when the turnstile is not in operation; the pins or studs '40 are positioned in" the slots 39, at "the opposite ends from that shown in Fig. 4, so that motion willnot be transmitted by the gear-pins to the cam until the turnstile completes the first half of its operation. When such transmission is' effected it continues until the rotation'of the cam, in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4, brings its slightly rounded corner in line with the terminal roller of the dash-pot pisto'n, at which point the outlet valve 30, of the pump is fully closed and the turnstile has nearly com: pleted its operation. I I

As the point of'the cam. passes the-center of the roller, the spring of the dash pot, then under full compressiondrives its piston outward, forcing the cam to the extent permitted by the'pins and slots, ahead of the gear, to a position of full opening of the outlet valve, and

l8, under the pull of the heavy spring actuated lever 9, and rollers I8, a bleeder valve 4|, is provided in the inlet connection 21.

Thebleeder valve is connected througha pinion 42,"meshing with the gear-33, toicometo full opening at the pointabove described and acts temporarily, as a restricted outlet from the pump cylinder, at which time the 'normal' pumpoutlet 30, becomes temporarily the inlet, the arrangement being such that the necessary limitedlrevers'al ofsrotation of the turnstile is permitted.

As it is at times or in certain locations desirable to have the turnstile rotate in both directions, to permit entrance of passengers, as above described, and to provide free exit, the brake may be readily made effective for action in both directions by slightly modifying the connections as shown in Fig. 7.

In this modification, there are two sets of duplicated connections, either oneof which may serve to provide inlet from the tank or reservoir to the pump cylinder, while the other set provides outlet from the cylinder, through the four-way outlet valve, to the tank depending upon the direction of rotation of the turnstile.

Check valves are employed in the connections, at points indicated by the small rectangles 43, and the direction of opening of such valves is indicated by arrows. In such a construction, the four-way outlet valve 30 is geared, as previously described, tobe driven from the turnstile shaft but here there would be no occasion for employing the bleeder-valve 4 l, and the same is accordingly omitted.

The modification illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, is practically a duplex form of the pump last above described. By maintaining closure between the pump cylinder and the rotary piston at points X and X m and doubling the inlet connections 21, and the outlet connections 30*, a complete pump is formed on each side of a line joining X-X The outlet connections are united as indicated at :29, and terminate in a four-way valve 30, which is geared as previously described to be operated from the turnstile shaft.

Check valves employed in this modification, are indicated by small rectangles 43 and the direction of opening of such valves is shown by arrows in the rectangles.

In this modification, as in the modification shown in Fig. '7, the turnstile is designed to rotate in either direction under the action of the brake and as the connections are duplicated, the

direction of flow of the liquid will be determined by the direction of rotation of the turnstile.

As the operation and important advantages of the invention will be apparent from the foregoing description, it will not be necessary to further enlarge upon the same.

It will be understood that the particular hydraulic brake structure shown and described is employed mainly for the purpose of completing an operative illustration and not with the intention of limiting the invention to the same, as many other forms of hydraulic brakes are available which may be substituted, if preferred.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. The combination of a turnstile, a liquid circulating system including a container for the liquid, a pump operated by, the turnstile for imparting movement to the liquid, and means for automatically creating back pressure on the pump for a predetermined period of time to parting movement to the liquid, and means for creating back pressure on the pump by automatically varying the pump outlet for a predetermined period of time during each operation of the turnstile to retard the movement of the turnstile.

4. The combination of a turnstile, a confined body of liquid and a suitable container for the liquid, a pump operated by the turnstile for imparting movement to the liquid, and an auto- I matic valve operating to interrupt the flow of the liquid for a limited period of time during each operation of the turnstile to retard the movement of the turnstile.

5. The combination of a turnstile provided with a rotatable shaft having passage-barring arms fast thereon, a liquid circulating system including a suitable container for the liquid, a rotary pump for imparting motion to the liquid, the rotor of the pump being driven from the turnstile shaft, and means for creating back pressure on the pump for a predetermined period of time during each operation of the turnstile to retard the movement of the turnstile.

6. The combination of a turnstile provided with a rotatable shaft having passage-barring arms fast thereon, a circulating body of liquid and a suitable container for the liquid, a rotary pump for imparting motion to the liquid, the rotor of the pump being mounted fast on and driven by the turnstile shaft and means for automatically checking the flow of the liquid for a predetermined period of v time during each operation of the turnstile'to retard the movement of the turnstile.

7. The combination of a turnstile provided with a rotatable shaft having passage-barring arms fast thereon, a circulating body of liquid and a suitable container for the liquid, a rotary pump for imparting motion to the liquid, the rotor of the pump being mounted fast on and driven by the turnstile shaft, and an automatic valve for interrupting the flow of the liquid to create back-pressure on the pump for a predetermined period of time during each operation of the turnstile to retard the movement of the turnstile.

8. The combination of a turnstile provided with a rotatable shaft having passage-barring arms fast thereon, a circulating body of liquid and a suitable container for the liquid, a rotary pump for imparting motion to the liquid, the rotor of the pump being mounted fast on and driven by the turnstile shaft, and a valve actuated by the turnstile on each operation thereof -5 structure'comprising acirculating body of liquid and;& suitable container "for thewliquid, a pump operatedby the turnstile for giving movement to 'thediquid; and means for automatically interrupting the flow of the liquid to check rotation 10- otthe'turnstile .at a. predetermined point in each operation thereof. f g

11. The combination 1 of a turnstilei and a; breaking structure comprising a; circulating body. of =1iquid, a pump operatedby the turnstile 'for imparting movement to the liquid, and; an; outlet from the pump proportioned and arranged to limit the flowof the liquid as required to createrequisite back pressure on the pump to oheck' the rotation ofthe tumstile for a predeterminedintervalv during. each operation of the turnstile.

DANIEL R. BACON. LEON H. DOWNS.v 

